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Description
The Julier Pass is not among the most outstanding Alpine passes from an ornithological perspective, yet it likely holds considerable untapped potential. The total of 94 species recorded there - despite relatively few survey visits - certainly leaves room for optimism.
Among the breeding birds, the most notable is the Πυροκότσυφας. Also present are Σταχτοπετρόκλης and, near scattered groups of trees, the Lesser Redpoll. The most conspicuous breeder is the common (Ευρωπαϊκή) Νεροκελάδα. Species such as Γυπαετός and Χρυσαετός are better sought in the wilder side valleys.
The Julier Pass links the southern Lower Engadine with the north-facing Oberhalbstein (Surses). It can become interesting in spring, when migration re-starts after a few days of bad weather, or in autumn, when lower clouds force birds to fly low over the pass. Records from the Surses valley in the north and Engadin in the south suggest that, under the right conditions, occasional rarities may also appear higher up. A scientific study of bird migration at this location indicates that autumn migration is strongest when westerly winds prevail on the Swiss Plateau, pushing birds migrating from the north toward the Alps.
Observation strategy depends largely on topography and weather. The pass is easily accessible via a wide road, even serviced by bus, though traffic noise can significantly diminish the nature experience. Depending on conditions, one may choose a spot below the cloud layer or, in better weather, at the pass summit (La Veduta, 1). There is also the option of walking along a hiking trail near the road between the summit and Bivio. Worth attention are the cliffs on the northern side (2), which generate thermals beneficial to birds of prey on sunny days, as well as the habitats of rocks, sparse grassland, and low scrub - mainly on the same side toward the pass height.
Details
Access
The Julier Pass can be reached by car or by a bus that connects St. Moritz in the Engadin and Bivio in the Surses valley (Bivio is connected to Chur in the north by bus and train). The hiking paths alongside the road are easy, but there are certainly nicer hikes in the area.